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Geosynthetics

Geosynthetics are a general term for synthetic materials used in civil engineering applications. As a civil engineering material, it is made of synthetic polymers (such as plastics, chemical fiber, synthetic rubber, etc.) and is made into various types of products, placed inside the soil, on the surface or between various soils. To play the role of strengthening or protecting the soil.

The 《Technical Specifications for the Application of Geosynthetics》 divides geosynthetic materials into geotextiles, geomembranes, geotechnical special materials and geocomposites, geonets, drainage board, fiberglass nets, geocell, geogrid, geosynthetic clay liner, geotechnical mats, etc.

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Construction Engineering Terminology

Geosynthetics are a general term for various products made from synthetic materials as raw materials for geotechnical and civil engineering construction. Because they are mainly used in geotechnical engineering, they are called “geo” (called geosynthetics) to distinguish them from natural materials.

Geosynthetics have been referred to as “geotextile” and “geomembrane”. With the needs of engineering, there are new varieties of such materials, such as geogrid, geonet and wholesale polyester nonwoven geotextile bags, HDPE geonet manufacturers, geotechnical belts, composite geomembranes, bentonite waterproof blankets, composite drainage nets, etc., the original name It has not been possible to accurately cover all products so that they are referred to as “geotextiles, wholesale HDPE geomembrane, and related products” for a period of time thereafter. Obviously, such a name should not be used as a technical or academic term. To this end, at the Fifth International Conference on Geosynthetics held in Singapore in 1994, the name of such materials was officially identified as “geosynthetics”.

The raw material of geosynthetics is a polymer. They are made from chemicals extracted from coal, oil, natural gas or limestone, and further processed into sheets of fiber or synthetic materials, and finally made into various products. The polymers used in the manufacture of geosynthetics are mainly polyethylene (PE), polyester (PET), polyamide (PER), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), polystyrene. Ethylene (EPS), etc.

Geotextile

Another name for geotextiles is geotextile. Less early products mean a kind of cloth material used in geotechnical work.

In the process of manufacturing wholesale filament nonwoven geotextile, the polymer raw materials are first processed into silk, short fibers, yarns or strips, and then made into a planar structure geotextile. Geotextiles can be classified into woven (woven) geotextiles and non-woven (nonwoven) geotextiles according to the manufacturing method. The woven geotextile is interwoven by two parallel sets of orthogonal or oblique warp and weft threads. Nonwoven geotextiles are made by orienting or arranging the fibers. According to different methods of joining fibers, it can be divided into chemical (binder) bonding, thermal coupling, and mechanical coupling.

The advantages of geotextiles are the advantages of a lightweight, good overall continuity (which can be made into a large area), convenient construction, high tensile strength, corrosion resistance, and microbial resistance. The disadvantage is that without special treatment, the UV resistance is low. If exposed, it is easily aging by direct ultraviolet radiation, but if it is not directly exposed, the anti-aging and durability can still be high.

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Geomembrane

Geomembranes can be generally divided into two major categories of asphalt and polymers (synthetic polymers). Asphalt-containing geomembrane, mainly composite (including woven or non-woven filament nonwoven geotextile for sale), asphalt as an infiltration binder. The polymer geomembrane is divided into plastic geomembrane, wholesale LDPE geomembrane, and combined geomembrane according to different main materials.

A large number of engineering practices have shown that the low price aquaculture geomembrane has excellent water impermeability, strong elasticity and adaptability to deformation, can be applied to different construction conditions and working stress, has good aging resistance, and is a geomembrane under water and soil. The durability is particularly outstanding. Geomembrane has an outstanding barrier and waterproof properties.

HDPE composite geomembrane
1. Density: Density depends on the material from which it is made, and even if the polymers from which the HDPE geomembrane factory price is made belong to the same category, there are often significant differences. For example, polyethylene materials can be classified into different categories such as ultra-low density, low density, medium density, and high density, and the density of HDPE geomembranes thus produced varies. The density of geomembrane polymers ranges from about 0.85 mg/L to 1.50 mg/L, and the density commonly used in engineering is generally above 0.94 mg/L.

2. Thickness: Thickness refers to the distance from the top surface to the bottom surface of the film under the normal pressure of 20 kPa. For smooth geomembranes (no embossing or pattern on the surface), the method for measuring the thickness is similar to the method for testing the thickness of high quality filament nonwoven geotextile but should be measured with a dial gauge with higher accuracy. Each sample shall be measured at least three different locations, with the average being the thickness of the HDPE composite wholesale textured geomembrane.

Geogrid
Geogrid is a major geosynthetic material with unique properties and efficacy compared to other geosynthetics. wholesale uniaxial plastic geogrid is often used as reinforcements for reinforced earth structures or as composite materials. Geogrid is divided into two types: glass fiber and polyester fiber.

1. Plastic
Such a polyester geogrid factory price is a square or rectangular polymer mesh which is formed by stretching and can be classified into two types: uniaxial stretching and biaxial stretching according to the direction of stretching in the manufacturer. It is punched on an extruded polymer sheet (mostly polypropylene or high density polyethylene) and then subjected to oriented stretching under heating. The unidirectionally stretched grid is stretched only along the length of the sheet, while the biaxially stretched grid is continuously stretched by stretching the unidirectionally stretched grid in a direction perpendicular to its length.

Since the polymer of the wholesale fiberglass geogrid in the manufacturing process is rearranged and oriented with the heating extension process, the bonding force between the molecular chains is strengthened, and the strength is improved. Its elongation is only 10% to 15% of the original board. If an anti-aging material such as carbon black is added to the geogrid, it can have good durability against acid, alkali, corrosion, and aging.

2. Fiberglass
This type of wholesale polyester geogrid is made of high-strength glass fiber, sometimes combined with self-adhesive pressure-sensitive adhesive and surface asphalt impregnation to make the grid and asphalt pavement tightly integrated. Due to the increased interlocking force of the earth and stone in the wholesale biaxial geogrid, the friction coefficient between them increases significantly (up to 0.8 to 1.0), and the pull-out force of the geogrid embedded in the soil is due to the gap between the grid and the soil. The frictional bite force is stronger and significantly increased, so it is a good reinforcement material. At the same time, the geogrid is a kind of flat net material with lightweight and certain flexibility. It is easy to cut and connect on site, and can also overlap and overlap. It is easy to construct and does not require special construction machinery and professional technicians.

Geotechnical special materials

1. Geomembrane bag
Geomembrane bag is a continuous (or separate) bag-like material made of double-layered polymer fiber fabric. The high-pressure pump is used to pour concrete or mortar into the film bag to form a plate or other shape structure, which is often used for slope protection or other. Ground treatment project. According to the material and processing technology, the film bag is divided into two categories: mechanism and simple film bag. The membrane bag can be divided into a filter drain film bag, a non-filter drain film bag, a non-drainage concrete film bag, and a hinge block film according to whether it has a filter drainage point or an inflated shape.

2. Geonet
The high quality HDPE geonet is a mesh geosynthetic material with a large hole, a relatively rigid planar structure or a three-dimensional structure, which is pressed by a strip of synthetic material, a thick strand of braid or a synthetic resin. Used for soft foundation reinforcement, slope protection, grass planting and as a substrate for the manufacture of composite geotechnical materials.

3. Geonet mats and geocells
Geotextile mats and wholesale HDPE geocell are three-dimensional structures made of synthetic materials. The former is a three-dimensional permeable polymer mesh mat composed of filaments. The latter is a honeycomb or grid-like three-dimensional structure composed of filament nonwoven geotextile manufacturers, geogrid or geomembrane, strip polymer, and is often used for anti-erosion. For geotechnical engineering, the plastic geocells manufacturers with high rigidity and high lateral limit capacity are mostly used in foundation reinforced cushions, subgrade beds or track beds.

4. Styrofoam (EPS)
Styrofoam (ie EPS) is an ultra-light geosynthetic material that has been developed. It is prepared by adding a foaming agent to polystyrene, foaming it in advance at a predetermined density, and then drying the foamed granules in a silo and filling them into a mold to heat them. EPS has the advantages of lightweight, heat resistance, good pressure resistance, low water absorption, and good self-standing. It is often used as a filler for railway subgrade.

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Geocomposite

Geotextiles, environmental geomembrane factory price, geogrids, and certain special geosynthetic materials combine two or more materials into a geocomposite. Geocomposites can combine the properties of different materials to better meet the needs of specific projects and can play a variety of functions. For example, composite high quality HDPE geomembrane is a geotextile composition made of geomembrane and geotextile according to certain requirements.

Among them, geomembrane is mainly used for anti-seepage, filament nonwoven geotextile factory price is used for reinforcement, drainage and increasing the friction between geomembrane and soil surface. Another example is geotechnical composite drainage material, which is a drainage material composed of non-woven geotextile and geonet, high quality aquaculture geomembrane or geosynthetic composite core material of different shapes, used for soft foundation drainage consolidation treatment, roadbed vertical and horizontal drainage, underground drainage of building Pipes, collection wells, wall drainage after supporting buildings, tunnel drainage, dyke drainage facilities, etc. The plastic wholesale dimple drainage board commonly used in roadbed engineering is a geocomposite drainage material.

The geocomposite materials used abroad for a large number of roads are glass fiber polyester anti-cracking cloth and warp-knitted composite reinforced anti-cracking cloth gravel geocell manufacturers. It can extend the life of the road, thus greatly reducing the cost of repair and maintenance. Considering the long-term economic interests, it is the domestic industry that should actively adopt and promote geocomposites.

Application field

Geosynthetics, different products have different characteristics and can be applied to many engineering fields. The fields that have been applied include geotechnical engineering high quality plastic geocells, civil engineering, hydraulic engineering, environmental engineering, traffic engineering, municipal engineering, and land reclamation projects.

Protection:

Soil erosion is a natural process caused by the action of water and wind. It has many influencing factors, such as soil gravel geocell factory price, vegetation, and landform. Under certain conditions, human life activities will accelerate this process. If this erosion is not treated properly, it can cause enormous damage to existing buildings and the environment.

In terms of soil erosion control, plastic geonet manufacturers can be applied in areas such as slope protection, water channel protection, shoreline protection, beach reclamation, vegetation restoration, rockfall protection nets, and flood control dam construction. Depending on the characteristics of the project and the site conditions, one or more geosynthetic products may be involved in the erosion control project.

In the slope protection project, in addition to using some geosynthetic materials, it is necessary to use soil nails plastic geocells for sale and even use rock bolts to ensure the stability of the protection system. In some cases, geotextile bags filled with mortar will also be used to fix the surface, and the grass seeds will be inserted into the gaps of the protective structure to cultivate vegetation to prevent the loss of water and soil.

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